Anitta, son of Pithana, was a king of Kussara, a city that has yet to be identified. He is the earliest known ruler to compose a text in the Hittite language.
His high official, or rabi simmiltim, was named Peruwa.
Biography
Anitta reigned in the 17th century BC (short chronology) and is the author of the Anitta text (CTH 1.A, edited in StBoT 18, 1974),[3] the oldest known text in the Hittite language (and the oldest known Indo-Europeantext altogether). This text seems to represent a cuneiform record of Anitta's inscriptions at Kanesh, perhaps compiled by Hattusili I, one of the earliest Hittite kings of Hattusa.
The Anitta text indicates that Anitta's father conquered Neša (Kanesh, Kültepe), which became an important city within the kingdom of Kussara.[4] During his own reign, Anitta defeated Huzziya, the last recorded king of Zalpuwa, and the Hattic king Piyusti and then conquered his capital at the site of the future Hittite capital of Hattusa. He then destroyed the city, sowed the ground with weeds,[5] and laid a curse on the site.[6]
Anitta's name appears on an inscription on a dagger found in Kültepe and also, together with the name of his father, on various Kültepe texts, as well as in later Hittite tradition.
The word rabi simmilti (m) is translated as a supervisor of stairs in a literal translation , but is generally referred to as a stepmaster , the chief of the Hottite Supreme Court, the superior of all other types of court. Outside of its jurisdiction, only the decisions of the bank and the tulip were taken.
In most known cases, the title was worn by the predominant son, the designated crown prince, or by a nearby family member. This generalization is also capable of demonstrating kinship in some cases. The ancestor of Anitas , Peruvaszi's kinship, is unknown, but it is merely on the basis of that title that he was Anittas's son.
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